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This order may be interrupted by dependencies. If multiple continuous effects apply in the same layer, first apply CDAs and then apply each continuous effect in timestamp order.Important Rules to remember when using the Layer System: Any of Frankenstein's Monster’s countersĪny effect that switches power & toughness.This covers all effects that modify Power/Toughness so long as they don’t set P/T to a specific value Other CDAs just apply first in their relevant layer.Īll P/T effects that set either P/T or both to a specific number or valueĪny Power/Toughness changing effect that doesn’t set

These should be easy to spot, but they’re often thrown in as part of a larger ability.Īny effect which would add, change or remove color from the object you’re evaluating.Īny effect which would add or remove abilities to an object you’re evaluating.Įffects from Power/Toughness affecting CDAsĪll P/T CDAs. Effects such as “Target creature loses all abilities” should be placed in Layer 6.Īny effect which would add, change or remove types, subtypes or supertypes from the object you’re evaluating. To be included in this layer, the effect has to specifically state that it’s changing text. Any ability or spell that generates this type of effect should contain the word ‘Control.’Īny effect which would change the text of the object you’re evaluating. If you can spot the word ‘Copy’ in the ability/spell text, then it’s fairly safe to say that the effect needs to live here.Īny effect which would change the controller of the object you’re evaluating. What are the 7 layers & 5 sub-layers? #Īny effect which would copy values onto the object you’re evaluating. If this is the case, the dependent effect is held until after the independent effect has been applied and then it is applied. If an effect is dependent on another effect, they will be applied in timestamp order unless the independent effect would be applied after the dependent one.

Applying one effect would change the text or existence of the other effect, how it applies, or what it applies to.

Both effects are applied in the same layer (or sub-layer).

An effect can be said to depend upon another effect if: Sometimes an effect can depend upon another effect. To apply multiple continuous effects (which apply in the same layer) in timestamp order, apply the effect with the oldest timestamp first, then apply the one with the next oldest, and so on and so forth. Each spell or ability receives a timestamp when it resolves. Usually color, power and/or toughness, or sub-type.Įach permanent receives a timestamp when it enters the battlefield.

A CDA can not be triggered, activated, or conditional.

A CDA can only define a characteristic of either the card or token it comes from.

There are 3 specific rules that distinguish a CDA from other abilities. Characteristic Defining AbilityĪ Characteristic Defining Ability (CDA) is an ability that defines a characteristic of a card or token. We will first review what the layers are, give some example cards for each layer, go over some additional layer rules, quickly review the M10 changes for layers, move into some memorization techniques, and lastly work through some example problems.īefore we can continue, we will need to define a few terms commonly used when talking about layers. The layer system may seem difficult, but once you memorize the order and a few important rules, it will become far less daunting than you may have previously thought. The layers are ordered so we know we have to apply a color changing abilities before we can apply power//toughness changing abilities. For example, applying Bad Moon first then Darkest Hour would lead to only creatures that were already black getting +1/+1. If we only applied them in the order they came onto the battlefield the result can be very counterintuitive. The interaction between Bad Moon and Darkest Hour is an example of both why layers are needed. The rules for layers give us a structure to make sure that when the same three cards end up in play at a tournament in Japan, the result is the same as when it happens in Italy, the U.S., and Brazil.

When these continuous effects start to pile up, we need to know how they interact. Magic is a very complex game, with literally thousands of cards that have continuous effects.

They are often a bane to both players and beginning judges, but why do we have them? What do they do? Layers are one of the more difficult parts of the Comprehensive Rules to learn (613).